CHANGES IN THE BONE AND LIVER STRUCTURE CAUSED BY BONE CEMENT INJECTION INTO THE VERTEBRAL BODY OF RATS IN EXPERIMENT

Objective. To analyze a response of bone and liver tissue to the injection of bone cement into the formed vertebral body defect in rats.

Material and Methods. The study involved 65 male Wistar rats. In the study group, defect in the lumbar vertebra was created with a cutter through posteroexternal approach under ketamin anesthesia and filled with 0.1 ml of methyl methacrylate. Rats in the control group underwent only perforation of the vertebral body. Animals were sacrificed at 12 hours, 1, 3, 7, and 30 days after surgery. Changes in vertebral bodies and liver were investigated using morphological methods.

Results. It was found that the local toxic effects occur directly in the bone, bone marrow and blood vessels in the area of manipulation and beyond. In the liver, the maximum toxic damage of hepatocytes was determined on day 3 of the experiment, gradually decreased, but remained high on day 7. According to histological and morphometric data the toxic liver damage stopped by the 30th day of the experiment, though there were loci of productive hepatitis.

Conclusion. Methyl methacrylate monomer produces a local toxic damaging effect on bone and blood vessels that goes beyond bone filling, and sharply retards the process of bone regeneration. Destruction of vessels and response to the combined mechanical, thermal and toxic impacts contribute to more severe damage to the bone tissue. 

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